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Design of urban area using advanced technologies
Špaček, Jan ; Apeltauer, Tomáš (referee) ; Remeš, Josef (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the design of urban areas in regards of the air flow and the creation of Urban Heat Islands. It reviews basic aspects influencing the design of streets. Every building, tree, or obstacle obstructs the air flow and creates the wind shadow, where the air pollution increases. It also creates areas of higher wind speed, in which public comfort is reduced. By understanding the importance of this process and by implementing it into the urban planning process, using advanced technology we can create healthy urban environment.
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Green and blue infrastructure: means of reducing surface temperatures in the urban environment
SEDLÁČEK, Jan
Climate change may accelerate the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect with many consequences for the well-being of human populations in cities. Green and blue infrastructures (GBI) are presented as a way to mitigate the UHI effect. In our study, the influence of GBI (primarily less studied types) on surface temperature (ST) was tested using a thermal camera. Various types of GBI (e. g. tree shade and lawn) and their combination were compared.
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Statistical model of urban heat island characteristics in Central Europe
Vacík, Pavel ; Hošek, Jiří (advisor) ; Láska, Kamil (referee)
Urban heat island (UHI) is a region of increased air temperature in the canopy layer and boundary layer of the atmosphere above the town or industrial agglomeration in comparison with rural surroundings. The difference in temperature increases with the size of the city. This study describes the dependence of the intensity UHI Central European cities on their size and position of their weather station. It uses a multiple linear regression model. The dependent variable Y entering the model (data from 40 cities) are UHImean and UHImax. They are calculated as difference in air temperature between the urban and the relevant rural weather station. The average intensity of the urban heat island (UHImean) is the average value of the UHI of all available data in the analyzed period (hourly measurements of air temperature [řC] for the years 1994-2012). The data are only taken from night times records between 21:00 and 4:00 UTC and on days with the average total cloud cover at the city weather station less than 0,5. The maximum intensity of the urban heat island (UHImax) is the average maximum value of the UHI per night. The data are taken under the same conditions as in the case of UHImean. Independent variables X are the size of built-up area (X1) and the position of the weather station calculated using the...
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Impact of a large city on the climatic characteristics of sunshine, their spatial distribution and time changes - case study Prague
Volkeová, Veronika ; Sládek, Ivan (advisor) ; Němec, Luboš (referee)
IMPACT OF A LARGE CITY ON THE CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SUNSHINE, THEIR SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND TIME CHANGES - CASE STUDY PRAGUE Abstract This thesis deals with essential climatic element which is sunshine duration (SD). The aim of this work is to detect spatial distribution and time changes of the lenght of SD in Prague and surroundings. In the thesis were used data from the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, specifically monthly and annual sums of SD at Prague-Karlov station for the 96 year period, at the other stations for the 7 year period. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is focused on literature recherche, which is based on available knowledge about sunshine in Prague or in larger cities in general. The second part has a research character. At first there is a focus on the Prague-Karlov station and its long-term trends, and then on other station in Prague and out of the Prague. To determine spatial distribution were used statistical double-choice tests.
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Design of urban area using advanced technologies
Špaček, Jan ; Apeltauer, Tomáš (referee) ; Remeš, Josef (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the design of urban areas in regards of the air flow and the creation of Urban Heat Islands. It reviews basic aspects influencing the design of streets. Every building, tree, or obstacle obstructs the air flow and creates the wind shadow, where the air pollution increases. It also creates areas of higher wind speed, in which public comfort is reduced. By understanding the importance of this process and by implementing it into the urban planning process, using advanced technology we can create healthy urban environment.
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Statistical model of urban heat island characteristics in Central Europe
Vacík, Pavel ; Hošek, Jiří (advisor) ; Láska, Kamil (referee)
Urban heat island (UHI) is a region of increased air temperature in the canopy layer and boundary layer of the atmosphere above the town or industrial agglomeration in comparison with rural surroundings. The difference in temperature increases with the size of the city. This study describes the dependence of the intensity UHI Central European cities on their size and position of their weather station. It uses a multiple linear regression model. The dependent variable Y entering the model (data from 40 cities) are UHImean and UHImax. They are calculated as difference in air temperature between the urban and the relevant rural weather station. The average intensity of the urban heat island (UHImean) is the average value of the UHI of all available data in the analyzed period (hourly measurements of air temperature [řC] for the years 1994-2012). The data are only taken from night times records between 21:00 and 4:00 UTC and on days with the average total cloud cover at the city weather station less than 0,5. The maximum intensity of the urban heat island (UHImax) is the average maximum value of the UHI per night. The data are taken under the same conditions as in the case of UHImean. Independent variables X are the size of built-up area (X1) and the position of the weather station calculated using the...
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The change of mean air temperatures i the town and outside the town during the last 65 years
Střeštík, Jaroslav
The climate in the town differs from that in the nearest surroundings in many respects: in the town higher air temperature. lower air humidity, much higher air pollution et. takes place. The town can be considered as an island with a different environment. Due to the increase of towns all mentioned differences between the town and its surroundings increase too. In this contribution the change of mean annual, and seasonal air temperature in the Prgue center (Klementinum) and on its boundary (airport Ruzyně) during 1946-2009, partly on airports Tuřany and Mošnov during 1951-2009, will be presented. Mean air temperatures on all stations display, besides a considerable fluctuation, a stable increase given by the global warming.
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